Four cylinder four-cycle unitary combustion motor with cylinders in h-disposition



OMBUSTION H-DISPOSITION 1945 III/II CYCLE UNITARY C Filed July 12 MOTOR WITH CYLINDERS IN fnveizz ar? Patented Dec. 2, 1952 FOUR CYLINDER COMBUSTION MO IN H-DISPOSITIO Carlo Monleone, Suvigliana,

FOUR-CYCLE UNITARY TOR WITH CYLINDERS N near Lugano,

Switzerland Application July 12, 1945, Serial No. 604,608 In Switzerland August 19, 1944 3 Claims.

The present invention relates to four-cylinder 4-cycle internal combustion motors with the working cylinders disposed in H-form,

The conventional motors of this kind are composed of two operatively connected motors each comprising a separate crankshaft and having its cylinders arranged in a plane, said crankshafts driving a common medial shaft by means of gears.

The present invention has for its object a fourcylinder 4-cycle H-type internal combustion motor unit the pairs of cylinders of Which are perpendicular to the vertical plane of the unit in which the crankshaft is arranged laterally beyond the H-form of said cylinders.

An embodiment of the present invention is schematicallyillustrated, by way of example only, in the accompanying drawings in which Fig. 1 shows a partial longitudinal section taken through the plane of the cylinder axes as indicated by the line I-I in Fig. 2, and

Fig. 2 shows a cross-section on the line II II of Fig. 1.

For the purposes of illustration, the conven tional cylinder heads 2|] including the valves appear in face view, and thus not in section, since they form no part of the present invention.

The machine is provided with two integral twin pistons I and 2 which reciprocate in the cylinders 3, 4 and 5, 6 respectively and work on a common oscillatory shaft 9 through the intermediary of links I or 8 and two two-armed levers I 0, II.

Through the intermediary of a two-armed lever I2 the oscillatory shaft 9 drives the crankshaft It by means of the connecting rod I3.

The crankshaft I4 is arranged in the vertical plane of the unit which extends perpendicularly to the plane passing through the working cylinder axes, and is disposed laterally of the H-form of said cylinders.

The plane II-II in Fig. 1 divides the internal combustion engine in two halves, a left-hand half and a right-hand half. The pistons operating the left-hand pair of cylinders 3 and 6 represent pistons of the kind which are provided with a crosshead, said crosshead being constituted by the pistons of the cylinders 4 and respectively. Therefore, the left-hand pistons can operate without lateral guide surfaces and need to extend axially only to an extent corresponding to the space requirement of the piston rings.

The right-hand pistons, however, are associated with slide surfaces as required and are similar to the usual plungers. left-hand pair of cylinders 3 and 6 can be made shorter than the right-hand pair of cylinders '4 and 5, as clearly shown in Fig. 1.

This arrangement according to the present invention has three fundamental advantages com- Consequently, the i opposed and axially (Cl. El

pared with the other constructions: (1) Shortening of the overall length of the engine in the direction of the axes of the cylinders; (2) reduction of the distance between the axes of the cylinders; and (3) reduction of the total weight of the engine.

In order to obtain symmetrical relationship between the longitudinal portions of the engine, this kind of construction requires the axis of the oscillatory shaft 9 to be located exteriorly of the plane 11-11, by displacing it in the direction towards the shorter cylinders 3 and 6 in which the pistons provided with crossheads, that is, the crosshead guided pistons operate, as clearly shown in Fig. 1. The links I and 8 are both directed towards the cylinders 4 and 5 away from the oscillatory shaft 9.

The two counterweights I 5 and. I 6, one of which is mounted on the crankshaft and the other on the idling counterweight shaft I1, serve for damping and balancing the couple of inertia forces M.M of first order having a static moment M.2a, which is produced by the reciprocating masses of the twin pistons. The said shaft I! is mounted in symmetrical relation to the crankshaft on the opposite side of the horizontal plane through the axis of the oscillatory shaft, and is driven at the same speed and in the same direction of rotation as the crankshaft by means of bevel wheels I 8 and an auxiliary shatt I 9.

The said two counterweights produce centrifugal forces the vertical components of which counteract each other, whereas the horizontal components K form a couple with a static moment K22). The latter is equal to and, as seen from Fig. 1, is always opposite to the moment Mia. The relation K.2b-M.2c=0 holds true for any position of the motor unit.

The auxiliary shaft I9 may also be used as the cam shaft at the same time.

The engine described works on the true fourcylinder Jr-cycle principle, the ignitions taking place at regular intervals in the sequence, 3,4,5,6 or 6,5,4}. The connecting rod I3 is used as a compression member and a tension member at the same time.

Thi engine cannot be built of less than four cylinders, as otherwise the ignitions would follow each other at irregular intervals apart which would be undesirable.

It is further impossible to combine more than four cylinders with only undesirable.

It can thus be seen that there has been provided in accordance with the present invention a four-cylinder, four-cycle, internal combustion motor unit having a, crank shaft and two pairs of aligned cylinders arranged in H-formation to each other, each pair of said laterally of said cylinders and operatively con-.

nected to said oscillatory shaft, two pairs of opposed pistons within said pairs of cylinders, re spective link means connecting said pistons with said oscillatory shaft, each pair of piston having a first piston and a second piston, said first pistons being arranged to operate in said first cylinders, said second pistons being operablerin said second cylinders and being provided with cylindrical slide surfaces for taking up radial pressures and constituting cross heads forsaid firstpistons, said oscillatory shaft being positioned between said first cylinders: and a verticalplane which" intersects with the horizontal plane passing. through the axis of said oscillatory shaft, said second: cylinders being disposed a shorter distance from said vertical plane than said first cylinders, two counter-weights, one counterweight being arranged. on said crank shaft, and an auxiliary shaft extending in said vertical plane and carrying the other counterweight, said counter-weights rotating in a. plane parallel to the plane of the axes of said cylinders and at the same speed and in the same direction ofrotation as the crank shaft to thereby create an accurately defined alternating couple of forces equivalent with and acting in opposition to the couple of inertia forces of first order substantially derived from the alternating motion of the piston masses and said'link means and the symmetrical part of said oscillatory shaft relative to its own axis.

From these considerations it follow clearly that the'described motor forms a complete selfcontained unit, and that multiple-cylinder engines may be built of such units, wherein the units can work on a common crankshaft in a series of successive or of superposed individual units or in a radial arrangement of such units.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new and desired to be secured by Letters Patent, is:

1. In a four-cylinder, four-cycle, internal combustion motor unit having an oscillatory shaft and two pairs of opposed and axially aligned cylinders arranged in H-forrnation to each other,

each pair of said cylinders having a first cylinder and a second cylinder, respectively; said oscillatory shaft being disposed intermediate said pairs of cylinders, a crank shaft disposed laterally of' said cylinders and operatively connected to said oscillatory shaft, two pairs of opposed pistons in said cylinders and operating on said oscillatory shaft, each pair of pistons having a first piston and a second piston, said first pistons being arranged to operate in said first cylinders, said second pistons being operable in said second cylinders and being provided with cylindrical slide surfaces for taking up radial pressures and constituting cross heads for said first pistons, said first cylinders being positioned adjacent each other and offset with respect to and at a greater distance from a vertical plane intersecting with the horizontal plane passing'through the axisof said oscillatory shaft than the distance of said second cylinders from said vertical plane, said first cylinders being positioned closer to said oscillatory shaft than said second cylinders.

2. In a four-cylinder, four-cycle, internal combustion motor unit having a crank shaft and two pairs of opposed and axially aligned cylinders arranged in: H:-formation to each other, each pair of saidycylinders; having a first cylinder and a second cylinder; an oscillatory shaft interposed between said pairs of cylinders, said crank shaft being disposed laterally of said cylinders and operatively connected to said oscillatory shaft, two pairs of opposed pistons movable in said cylinders and operating on said oscillatory shaft, each pair of pistons having a first piston and a second piston, said first piston being arranged to operate in said first cylinders, said second pistons being operable in said second cylinders and being provided with cylindrical slide surfaces for taking up radial pressures and constituting cross heads for said first pistons, said first cylinders extending in a direction perpendicular to a vertical plane passing through the axis. of said crank shaft and being disposed ashorterdistance from said' oscillatory shaft than said second cylinders, the. axis of said oscillatory shaftbeing offsetWi-th respect tcsaid vertical plane.

3. In a four-cylinder, four-cycle, internalcombustionmotor unit having a crank shaft and two pairsuofoposed and axially aligned cylinders arranged in H-formation to each other, each pair of said cylinders having a first cylinder and a second cylinder; an oscillatory shaft intermediate said pairs of cylinders, said crank shaft being disposed laterally of said cylinders and opera.- tively connected to said oscillatory shaft, two pairs of opposed pistons within said pairs of cylinders, respective link means connecting: said pistons with said oscillatory shaft, each pair of piston having a first piston and a second piston, said first pistons being arranged to operate in said first cylinders, said second pistons being operable in said second cylinders and being provided with cylindrical slide surfaces for taking up radial pressures and constituting cross heads for said first pistons, said, oscillatory shaft'being positioned between said first cylinders and a vertical plane which intersects with the hori zontal plane passing through the axis of said crank shaft, said second cylinders being disposed a shorter distance from said vertical plane than said first cylinders, two counter-weights, one counter-weight being arranged on said crank shaft, and an auxiliary shaft extending in said vertical plane and carrying the other counterweight, said counter-weiglrts rotating in a, plane parallel to the plane of the axis of said cylinders and at the same speed and in the same direction of rotation as the crank shaft to thereby create an accurately defined alternating couple of forces equivalent with and acting in opposition tothe couple of inertia forces of first order substantially derived from the alternating mo-tionof thepiston masses and said link meansand the-symmetrical part of said oscillatory shaft relative toit own axis.

CARLO MONLEONE;

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of recordin the file of this patent:

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